1),The doctor hoped that the patient [would get] better in a short time.                               будущее в прошедшем

2),[The lecture being very interesting,] the students listened to it attentively                   самостоятельный причастный оборот

3) My sister also decided [to become] a pharmacist.                                                            инфинитив

4)I expected [the pharmacist to make] remedies in the laboratory of the pharmacy.     сложное дополнение

5)His bad condition prevented him from [attending] the lecture.                                          герундий

6)The laboratory tables are higher than usual [ones].                                                            слово-заместитель

7) [The pharmacy is presumed to have been founded] in 8 century.                                сложное подлежащее

8)A laboratory is a place where experiments [are carried out].                                              страдательный залог