Размещено 4 года назад по предмету Английский язык от Dominik321

Помогите! В школе я учил немецкий(было очень давно).Но тут в школе дали задание моему сыну и попросили что бы я в этом участвовали. С английским я не дружу. Помогите с решением.
Задание первое. Прочтите текст и напишите ответы на вопросы.
1. What are two main theories of origin of petroleum? 2. Which theory is more
supported? 3. What are the principal components of petroleum? 4. Where does nearly
all petroleum occur? 5. How does the temperature of oil accumulations vary?

TEXT
THEORY OF ORIGIN OF PETROLEUM
1. There are two basic theories of origin of petroleum - the more widely accepted
organic theory and the not so popular inorganic theory. There are a number of
compelling reasons that support an organic development hypothesis.
2. First and foremost, is the carbon-hydrogen-organic matter connection. Carbon and
hydrogen are the primary constituents of organic material, both plant and animal.
Moreover, carbon, hydrogen, and hydrocarbons are continually produced by the life
processes of plants and animals. A major breakthrough occurred when it was
discovered that hydrocarbons and related compounds occur in many living organisms
and are deposited in the sediments with little or no change.
3. Second were observations dealing with the chemical characteristics of petroleum
reservoirs. Nitrogen and porphyrins (chlorophyll derivatives in plants, blood
derivatives in animals) are found in all organic matter; they are also found in many
petroleums.
4. Third were observations dealing with the physical characteristics. Nearly all
petroleum occurs in sediments that are primarily of marine origin. Petroleum
contained in nonmarine sediments probably migrated into these areas from marine
source materials located nearby. Furthermore, temperatures in the deeper petroleum
reservoirs seldom exceed 300oF (141oC). But temperatures never exceeded 392oF
(200oC) where porphyrins are present because they are destroyed above this
temperature. Therefore the origin of petroleum is most likely a low-temperature
phenomenon.
5. In 1890, Sokoloff proposed a cosmic origin for petroleum. His theory was that
hydrocarbons precipitated as rain from original nebular matter from which the solar
system was formed. The hydrocarbons were then ejected from earth's interior onto
surface rocks.
6. Interest in this inorganic theory rose in the 20th century as a result of two
discoveries: the existence of carbonaceous chondrites (meteorites) and the discovery
that atmospheres containing methane exists for some celestial bodies such as Saturn,
Titan, Jupiter. The only known source for methane would be through inorganic
reactions.
7. The discovery (Mueller, 1963) of a type of meteorite called carbonaceous also led
to a renewed interest in an inorganic mechanism for creating organic compounds. The
chief support of an inorganic origin is that the hydrocarbons methane, ethane,
acetylene, and benzene have repeatedly been made from inorganic sources.
Задание 2.
Найдите в тексте английские эквиваленты.
Теория происхождения нефти; общепринятая теория; химические характеристики; солнечная система; поверхностные породы
Задание 3. Перепишите предложения и прокомментируйте их словами True (правильно) или False (неправильно) в соответствии с содержанием текста.
1. There is the only theory of origin of petroleum. 2. Nitrogen and porphyrins are found in all organic matter. 3. Petroleum does not originate within an anaerobic and reducing environment. 4. The hydrocarbons were then ejected from earth's interior onto surface rocks. 5. The chief support of an inorganic origin is that the hydrocarbons methane, ethane, acetylene, and benzene have repeatedly been made from inorganic sources
Задание 4. Переведите седьмой абзац письменно.

Ответ на вопрос

Ответ на вопрос дан JustD

Задание 1.
1. The organic theory and the inorganic theory are two main theories of origin of petroleum.
2. The organic theory is more supported.
3. The principal components of petroleum are hydrocarbons.
4. Nearly all petroleum occurs in sediments that are primarily of marine origin.
5. The temperature of oil accumulations seems to be low, it is rare about 300oF (141oC) and never exceeds 392oF (200oC).

Задание 2.
Теория происхождения нефти - the theory of origin of petroleum.
Общепринятая теория the more widely accepted theory
Химические характеристики - the chemical characteristics.
Cолнечная система - the solar system.
Поверхностные породы - surface rocks.

Задание 3.
1. There is the only theory of origin of petroleum. False.
There are two theories of origin of petrolium.
2. Nitrogen and porphyrins are found in all organic matter. True.
3. Petroleum does not originate within an anaerobic and reducing environment. False.
The origin of petroleum is within an anaerobic and reducing environment.
4. The hydrocarbons were then ejected from earth's interior onto surface rocks.True.
5. The chief support of an inorganic origin is that the hydrocarbons methane, ethane, acetylene, and benzene have repeatedly been made from inorganic sources. True.

Задание 4.
Открытие вида метеорита, названного углеродосодержащим, сделанное Мюллером в 1963 году, привело к возобновлению интереса к неорганическому механизму для создания органических компонентов. Главной поддержкой неорганического происхождения является то, что углеводороды: метан, этан, ацетилен и бензол - неоднократно были получены из неорганических источников.