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Abay (Ibrahim) Qunanbaiuly (RK: About this sound Abay (Ibrahim) Qunanbaiuly, Abaı (Ibrahım) Qunanbaıuly, الباي (ىيبراحىيم) سۇنانبايۇلى; August 10, 1845-July 6, 1904) was a Kazakh poet, composer, and philosopher. He was also a cultural reformer in relation to European and Russian cultures based on enlightened Islam . His name is sometimes Russified to "Abay Kunanbayev" (Abay Kunanbayev); among Kazakhs, he is often simply called "Abay".

Life [ edit]

Early life and education [ edit]

Abay was born in the village of Karauyl, Chingiz parish, Semipalatinsk district of the Russian Empire (now Abay district of East Kazakhstan), the son of kunanbai and Ulyan, kunanbai's second wife. They named him Ibrahim, but he soon got the nickname "Abay" (meaning "careful"), a name that stuck for the rest of his life. The financial situation of his father allowed the boy to attend a Russian school in his youth, but only after he had studied for several years in a madrasa under the guidance of Mullah Ahmet-Ryzah.[quote needed ] at his school in Semipalatinsk, Abay encountered the writings of Mikhail Lermontov and Alexander Pushkin .

Contributions[edit]

Abay's main contribution to Kazakh culture and folklore is in his poetry, which expresses great nationalism and grew out of Kazakh folk culture. Before him, most of the Kazakh poetry was oral, echoing the nomadic habits of the peoples of the Kazakh steppes . However, during Abay's lifetime, a number of important socio-political and socio-economic changes occurred. Russian influence continued to grow in Kazakhstan, leading to increased educational opportunities, as well as exposure to a number of different philosophies, whether Russian, Western, or Asian. Abay Kunanbayuly was deeply immersed in the cultural and philosophical history of these newly discovered geographical sites. In this sense, Abay's creative poetry influenced the philosophical thinking of educated Kazakhs.

Legacy

The leaders of the Alash Orda movement saw him as their inspiration and spiritual predecessor.

Modern Kazakh images of Abay generally depict him in full traditional attire holding a dombra (Kazakh national instrument). Today, Kazakhs honor Abay as one of the first national heroes who entered the national consciousness of their people. Kazakh national pedagogical University is named after Abay, so it is one of the main avenues in the city of Almaty. There are also public schools with his name. Abay is depicted on postage stamps of Kazakhstan, the Soviet Union and India.    

The Kazakh city of Abay is named in his honor.

Among of Abai's disciples was his nephew, historian, philosopher, and poet Shakarim of Kudaiberdyuly (1858-1931).

Statues of him were erected in many cities of Kazakhstan, as well as in Moscow .

A film about the life of Abay was made by Kazakhfilm in 1995 under the name "Abay". He is also the hero of two novels and an Opera by another Kazakh writer Mukhtar Auezov.

Another film describing the life of his father was shot in December 2015 under the title "Kunanbai".

Works

Abay also translated into Kazakh the works of Russian and European authors, mostly for the first time. Translations made by him include poems by Mikhail Lermontov, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Lord Byron, Ivan Krylov's Fables and Alexander Pushkin's Eugene Onegin.

Abay's main work is a book of words ("Kara sozderi", Kara sozderi ), a philosophical treatise and a collection of poems, where he encourages his fellow Kazakhs to adopt education, literacy and a good moral image to avoid poverty, enslavement and corruption. In the twenty-fifth word, he discusses the significance of Russian culture as a way for Kazakhs to join the world's cultural treasures.

Moscow protests in may 2012

On may 9, 2012, after two days of protests in Moscow after Vladimir Putin took office as President of the Russian Federation for a third term, protesters camped at the monument to Abay Kunanbayuli on Chistoprudny Boulevard in Central Moscow, near the Embassy of Kazakhstan. The statue quickly became a reference point for the protesters.[1] occupy Bay has been in the top ranking of hashtags on Twitter for several days thanks to Russian opposition leader Alexei Navalny, who arranged a meeting with his followers next to the monument of Abay Kunanbayula in Moscow, which he called "a monument to some unknown Kazakh". This caused a wave of indignation among ethnic Kazakhs, who highly value Abay. It also brought Abay's poetry to the top 10 AppStore downloads.

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