1)

var
mas: array [1..5] of integer;
i:integer;
begin
for i:=1 to 5 do
read(mas[i]);
for i:=1 to 5 do begin
mas[i]:=mas[i]-20;
write(mas[i],' ');
end;
end.

2)

var
mas: array [1..8] of real;
i:integer;
begin
for i:=1 to 8 do
read(mas[i]);
for i:=1 to 8 do begin
if i mod 2 = 0 then
write(mas[i]-1,' ')
else
write(mas[i]+1,' ')
end;
end.